Cell derived microparticles in intercellular communication and their cole in cancer

Abstract

Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are extracellular vesicles that, although once considered to be cellular waste, are an important part of cellular processes. They play an important role in intercellular communication and have been identified as major participants in cancer progression. These submicron vesicles facilitate the passage of bioactive substances such as proteins, lipids, and genetic material, impacting important physiological processes like coagulation, angiogenesis, immunological regulation, and metastasis. MPs promote tumor growth by increasing endothelial cell proliferation, establishing a pro-metastatic microenvironment, and allowing immune evasion. Furthermore, their function in drug resistance underscores their significance on cancer therapy, demanding the development of innovative therapeutic interventions. MPs have also been identified as possible biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring due to the molecular characteristics they share with their parent cells, and they can be used as drug delivery vehicles. Despite their promise, there are still hurdles to standardizing MPs isolation and characterization procedures. This study critically investigates the biogenesis, composition, and functional importance of MPs in intercellular communication and their role in disease progression with special focus on cancer and possible therapeutic applications.