Volume 3, September 2000 HIV/AIDS: Issues Within Aboriginal Populations

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    "Working together: The CHALN/CAAN Project on legal issues, Aboriginal People and HIV/AIDS"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Matiation, Stefan
    The Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network (the Legal Network) and the Canadian Aboriginal AIDS Network (CAAN) have recently completed part of a project on legal issues, Aborigional people and HIV/AIDS (the Project). The Project has so far involved two phases, the first intiated by Legal Network and CAAN. The topics addressed include human rights and discrimination, jurisdiction and funding, and testing and confidentiality. Health Canada under the Canadian Strategy on HIV/AIDS provided funding for the Project.
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    "An historic overview of two spirited people"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) LeDuigou, Celeste
    This paper is divided into two sections. Part one, "The Historical Record," will describe several areas of interest regarding the legacy of two-spirited people of the First Nations and how this legacy interacts with modern circumstances, specifically, the HIV/AIDS crisis which began roughly in 1981. First, I will discuss the historical record of two-spirited people of the First Nations. Second, I will discuss their suppression and oppression by both religious authorities and state policies which were patriarchal, assimiliationist, and genocidal in nature. Finally, I will discuss how these policies serve to magnify the intensity of the AIDS crisis for Aboriginal Communities today. In Part Two, "What is Happening Today?", I will examine how homophobia and AIDS-related stigma impact upon two-spirited people, Aboriginal communities, as well as suggest the most appropriate role for the social worker as an ally.
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    "Attitudes and beliefs towards HIV and AIDS among Aboriginal peoples living in British Columbia"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Schneider, David; Marsden, Barbara; Copley, Tobin; Skaling, Barbara; Nowgesic, Earl
    Healing Our Spirit, BC First Nations AIDS Society (HOS) provides outreach and education services for First Nations and Aboriginal people living with HIV AIDS (APHA). These services, including educational workshops, are provided to diverse clients and communities throughout British Columbia (BC), including remote villages and reserves. Over the past three years, workshop participants have completed questionnaires. Using this collected data multivariate logistic regression is used to examine attitudes and beliefs about those who are living with HIV.
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    "First Nations People and AIDS: A study of social work knowledge in Northern Quebec"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Boudreau, Francois; van de Sande, Adje; Rouilier, Marc
    First Nations' people have experienced the greatest increase in the proportion of reported AIDS cases between 1989 and 1998 compared to all other ethnic groups in Canada (Health Canada, 1999). The proportion of reported AIDS cases among First Nations people jumped from 1.3% of the total reported cases in 1989 to 10.9% in 1998 (Health Canada, 1999). This increase, in spite of the fact that First Nations people represent only 3.6% of the Canadian population (Statistics Canada, 1996), suggests that health and social service professionals working with First Nations people should increase their attention to issues such as AIDS prevention programs directed to First Nations' communities.
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    "HIV and injection drug use amongst First Nations in Vancouver"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Goldstone, Irene; Albert, R; Churchill, A; Schilder, A; Perry, T; Markowski, R; Hogg, R.S.; McLeod, W.A.
    The purpose of this study was to examine First Nation's use of the hospital care from the point at which they were known to be HIV positive until death occurred. In British Columbia, First Nation's persons represent approximately 5% of the population. However, in 1997 First Nations made up 13.6% of new HIV diagnoses in BC. Because St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver cares for the majority of persons with HIV/AIDS in BC, data were collected from a chart review of all HIV/AIDS related deaths occurring at St. Paul's and from the Drug Treatment Program of the British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS.
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    "Honouring and caring for Aboriginal people and communities in the fight against HiV/AIDS"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Marsden, Namaste; Clement, Ken; Schneider, David
    This paper provides an organizational overview of Healing Our Spirit BC First Nations AIDS Society (Healing Our Spirit) and introduces the holistic healing and Aboriginal specific service delivery model that Healing Our Spirit uses to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The HIV/AIDS epidemic compels many Aboriginal communities to deal with the complex issues associated with HIV/AIDS.
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    "A community-based approach to reducing HIV/AIDS infection in the Wikwemikong Unceded Indian Reserve"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Maar, Marion; Cooper, Scott; Peltier, Mary Ann
    Wikwemikong Unceded Indian Reserve has long been committed to self-determination in the development of local community services. In light of this commitment, we examine in this report the response of this rural Native community to the HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome) epidemic.
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    "Celebrating community knowledge: Encouraging involvement, achieving ownership and building confidence through comprehensive community consultation"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Armstrong, Todd
    Pauktuutit Inuit Women's Association of Canada has demonstrated a historical commitment to addressing health care issues among Inuit communities, and HIV/AIDS is no exception. Since the story of Leetia Geetah, the first Inuk woman diagnosed with HIV, hit the news in 1988, Pauktuutit has been increasingly involved in HIV/AIDS issues.
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    "Dynamics of the 1999 AIDS Walk in 31 First Nations communities: The community within the community"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Saulnier, Gabe; Masching, Renee
    The Atlantic First Nations region consists of 31 distinct Maliseet and Mi'kmaq Nations with populations ranging from 60 to almost 3,000. HIV/AIDS has found its way into several Atlantic First Nation communities. It can probably be assumed that all of these communities, at one time or another, will have members who are affected by this disease.
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    """Point of Death," HIV/AIDS and IV drug use: Youth awareness video project"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Adkins, Gary
    Alcohol and other abuses have had a negative effect on Aboriginal Canadians as a whole. Across Canada, information, personnel, and the availability of services are at fairly close range for most of those wishing to utilize them. However, communities of the N.W.T are widely spread and sometimes do not have the tools necessary to cope with all issues facing them. Isolation, struggle for cultural identity, boredom, and a need to be heard, are some of the issues facing our Northern youth today.
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    """It's hard to be a women," First Nations women living with HIV/AIDS"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Ship, Susan; Norton, Laura
    "I want to go home, I want to be accepted. I want a life back there. I have things I want to teach my kids. I just need to go home. I have that hope that somehow the CHR is like a key. I really hope that they open the door for me." This paper focuses on the experiences and perspectives of First Nations women living with HIV/AIDS and explores how HIV/AIDS affects their lives differently from men's lives. It is based on original research carried out as part of a larger project on Aboriginal Women and HIV/AIDS for the National Indian and Inuit Community Health Representatives Organization in which we also explored the experiences and perspectives of female caregivers of people living with HIV/AIDS and women in "hard-to-reach" communities.
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    "HIV, sexual violence and Aboriginal Women"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Neron, Carole; Roffey, Rhonda
    A variety of factors contribute to HIV risk in Aboriginal women. One of these factors is the sexual violence they experience in their lives. Sexual violence is prevalent among all women, including Aboriginal women. While HIV is not nearly as prevalent, rates are increasing rapidly among Aboriginal women. Chances are great that all health care workers, even those not aware of it, are working with Aboriginal women who have experienced sexual violence and are at risk for HIV or currently living with HIV/AIDS.
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    "Confronting HIV and AIDS: A personal account of spiritual awakening"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Boucher, Rene; Timpson, Joyce
    Rene Boucher is a 33 year old First Nations man from Sioux Lookout, Ontario who is living with AIDS. Since 1995, he has been an advocate and a speaker for HIV and AIDS awareness and education. This is his story of confrontation with his illness and the spiritual growth that ensued.
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    "Teacher, helper: My relationship with HIV"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Jenkins, Richard
    Tansi! My name is Richard Jenkins. I am a Cree/Metis from Moose Mountain, Alberta. I am currently living in Edmonton, where I have worked off and on over the years for the Nechi Training Research and Health Promotion Institute. I have been HIV positive for nearly ten years, and this article is about my journey with the virus.
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    "Living with HIV: Frequently asked questions"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2000-09) Archie, Alex
    What was the first thing you did when you found out that you were HIV positive? I was in a combination of shock and denial. If it weren't for the mixed emotions, I would have probably cried. I believe that I did cry eventually. I had been sitting in this nurse's office waiting for a while, thinking that it shouldn't be taking this long. Then, I realized that I already knew that I was HIV positive. The nurse who took my blood two weeks before came into the small office, said hello without looking at me and sat at the desk. He put my file on the desk, sat in the swivel chair and turned to face me. He smiled; I smiled. I could tell from the way he was acting that he wasn't going to tell me anything that I didn't already know. Finally, after listening to his well-rehearsed lines about sex, safer sex, my limited treatment options (in November of 1990) and whether or not I had any questions, I was in a daze. So, the first thing I did when I found out that I was HIV positive was walk out of the walk-in clinic.
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    "HIV/AIDS: Issues within Aboriginal Populations"
    (School of Native Human Services, 2003-09) School of Native Human Services